A review of Earth Artificial Intelligence

In recent years, Earth system sciences are urgently calling for innovation on improving accuracy, enhancing model intelligence level, scaling up operation, and reducing costs in many subdomains amid the exponentially accumulated datasets promising artificial (AI) revolution computer science. This paper presents work led by NASA Science Data Systems Working Groups ESIP machine learning cluster to give a comprehensive overview of AI sciences. It holistically introduces current status, technology, use cases, challenges, opportunities, provides all levels practitioners geosciences with an overall big picture “blow away fog get clearer vision” about future development AI. The covers majorspheres investigates representative research each domain. Widely used algorithms computing cyberinfrastructure briefly introduced. mandatory steps typical workflow specializing solve scientific problems decomposed analyzed. Eventually, it concludes grand challenges reveals opportunities some guidance pre-warnings allocating resources wisely achieve ambitious goals future. • A bird's eye view application spectrum is provided. modular workflows summarized. Twelve potential